· 6 min read
Two-Bath Fixing for Prints: Complete Fixation and Tracking Fixer Capacity
How a single fixer bath exhausts into silver-laden complexes, why two-bath fixing ensures complete fixation, and how to track capacity for permanence.
All our articles about chemistry
· 7 min read
How Print Developer Choice Shapes Image Tone, Contrast and Apparent Speed
How developer chemistry, dilution, temperature and time govern print colour and contrast, and why developing a print fully matters.
· 7 min read
Archival Washing of Fibre Prints and Residual Hypo Testing
How fixer is removed from a fibre paper base, the role of a hypo clearing agent, water-economical wash sequences, and tests for residual silver and hypo.
· 6 min read
Sepia Toning by the Bleach-and-Redevelop Process
How the two-bath sulphide sepia process converts image silver to silver sulphide, and how bleach dilution controls warmth and split-toning.